The Tide Mill at Woodbridge showing the Lucam and Suffolk boarding; Crown Wheell on second floor; Beam Scales
A cut away view of the millstones The damsel feeding the grain Wallower and gearing - waterwheel beyond
A cut away view of the millstones The damsel feeding the grain Wallower and gearing - waterwheel beyond
Woodbridge Tide Mill
The Woodbridge Tide Mill is the only one currently working in England although Eling hopes to reopen in 2017. There is also one in Wales at Carew. The first mention of the Mill was in 1170 when it was run by Augustinian Friars. This lasted until the Dissolution when it was in Royal hands until sold by Elizabeth !. It then passed through various private owners becoming the last working tidal mill in England until in 1957 the oak shaft broke and the mill closed. The future looked bleak but, in 1968 Mrs Jean Gardner purchased the Mill and gave it to a charitable trust. It reopened to the public in 1972 and the machinery was in working order by 1976 and a new pond was made in 1981. By 2010 the whole experience needed updating and, thanks to a lottery grant the Mill closed in 2012 for a total refurbishment with new displays and became the well presented experience it now is.
The Woodbridge Tide Mill is the only one currently working in England although Eling hopes to reopen in 2017. There is also one in Wales at Carew. The first mention of the Mill was in 1170 when it was run by Augustinian Friars. This lasted until the Dissolution when it was in Royal hands until sold by Elizabeth !. It then passed through various private owners becoming the last working tidal mill in England until in 1957 the oak shaft broke and the mill closed. The future looked bleak but, in 1968 Mrs Jean Gardner purchased the Mill and gave it to a charitable trust. It reopened to the public in 1972 and the machinery was in working order by 1976 and a new pond was made in 1981. By 2010 the whole experience needed updating and, thanks to a lottery grant the Mill closed in 2012 for a total refurbishment with new displays and became the well presented experience it now is.
.
Linen was used by all classes in Ireland from the noble chief to the lowly milkmaid . In early times it was a domestic industry as can be seen above.
Shopa and factories came in to use and on the left we see a Danask works and, centre, a Jacquard Machine.. On the right is HMS Caroline
Caroline is the sole survivor of Jutland and the three interior shots show a navigating officer's cabin, the Ward Room and the engine room.
The final three pictures show the Marines' Mess; the Sick Bay(complete with toilet and bath) and the upper bridge which was the main control area.
Linen was used by all classes in Ireland from the noble chief to the lowly milkmaid . In early times it was a domestic industry as can be seen above.
Shopa and factories came in to use and on the left we see a Danask works and, centre, a Jacquard Machine.. On the right is HMS Caroline
Caroline is the sole survivor of Jutland and the three interior shots show a navigating officer's cabin, the Ward Room and the engine room.
The final three pictures show the Marines' Mess; the Sick Bay(complete with toilet and bath) and the upper bridge which was the main control area.
Visit to Northern Ireland
I paid another visit to Northern Ireland and, amongst visits to Historic Sites I visited Lisburn which is known as the birthplace of Ireland's linen industry, which was established in 1698 by Louis Crommelin and some fellow Huguenot's.. An exhibition about the Irish linen industry is housed in the old Market House in Market Square. It shows how all classes in Ireland used linen. How it was made, the conditions from homes to factories and the machinery used. I did not know that Damask got its name because it was material brought through Damascus (sadly not today) and the Dobby machine on show is over 100 years old whilst the Jacquard Machine was first patented in 1804.
HMS Caroline was launched 28\1\14 and is the only surviving vessel that fought in the Battle of Jutland. After WW! she served on the East Indies station and in 1924 was converted into a drill ship for RNVR in Belfast. In WW2 she was HQ for Belfast Naval Base and afterwards was returned to the RNVR. In 2009 the unit moved ashore and in 2011 she was decommissioned. However she was acquired by the Royal Navy Museum and refitted as she was in 1916 and opened to the public. They have done an excellent job!
I must say that all of the Heritage I have seen in Northern Ireland has been very well presented. It is an interesting and friendly area and well worth a visit.
Message from the Chairman
This year our Social Evening is being held at the Ellesmere Port National Waterways Museum on 12th September. Many of you will have visited the ‘Boat Museum’, as it used to be known, and have seen the changes brought about by a grant from the National Lottery and the hard work from volunteers in restoration projects. The MIHS conference was held here in September 2010 and those present had an excellent guided tour around the site. A similar tour will be offered this year so I hope many MIHS members will be able to join us at the social evening. The site started off as docks designed by the great engineer, Thomas Telford, and the docks were in use until the 1950s. This year the museum is celebrating its 40th birthday, so it’s a good time to visit the site and see how things have changed since we were last there. The port’s historic slipway was used for boat building and restoration between the 1840s and 1920s, and is now a feature of the museum’s ‘Window on the World’ exhibition, which explores the history of the site. The museum website states ‘... visitors will experience life through the eyes of 19th century workers on the historic slipway...’ and the exhibition ‘... traces the history of the museum back to 1976. It tells the story of the team of dedicated volunteers who brought the derelict site back to life and lovingly restored the historic boats that form part of the national waterways collection.’ The museum also marks the life of the ‘Father of English Canals’, James Brindley, with an exhibition of his life in “Brindley 300”. Timing: Our tour will commence promptly at 7.00pm with the museum providing tea/coffee beforehand, so early arrival is recommended. The tour will occupy about one hour after which we will adjourn to the Station Hotel for a sandwich buffet and drinks. Whilst it has seen better days this old pub is right beside the station and the cheerful staff assure us of great value for money. Getting there: By car the Waterways Museum is clearly signposted from Junction 3 on the M53 or from Ellesmere Port Merseyrail.
This year our Social Evening is being held at the Ellesmere Port National Waterways Museum on 12th September. Many of you will have visited the ‘Boat Museum’, as it used to be known, and have seen the changes brought about by a grant from the National Lottery and the hard work from volunteers in restoration projects. The MIHS conference was held here in September 2010 and those present had an excellent guided tour around the site. A similar tour will be offered this year so I hope many MIHS members will be able to join us at the social evening. The site started off as docks designed by the great engineer, Thomas Telford, and the docks were in use until the 1950s. This year the museum is celebrating its 40th birthday, so it’s a good time to visit the site and see how things have changed since we were last there. The port’s historic slipway was used for boat building and restoration between the 1840s and 1920s, and is now a feature of the museum’s ‘Window on the World’ exhibition, which explores the history of the site. The museum website states ‘... visitors will experience life through the eyes of 19th century workers on the historic slipway...’ and the exhibition ‘... traces the history of the museum back to 1976. It tells the story of the team of dedicated volunteers who brought the derelict site back to life and lovingly restored the historic boats that form part of the national waterways collection.’ The museum also marks the life of the ‘Father of English Canals’, James Brindley, with an exhibition of his life in “Brindley 300”. Timing: Our tour will commence promptly at 7.00pm with the museum providing tea/coffee beforehand, so early arrival is recommended. The tour will occupy about one hour after which we will adjourn to the Station Hotel for a sandwich buffet and drinks. Whilst it has seen better days this old pub is right beside the station and the cheerful staff assure us of great value for money. Getting there: By car the Waterways Museum is clearly signposted from Junction 3 on the M53 or from Ellesmere Port Merseyrail.
Waverley at Pier Head Waverley at Pier Head Glyndyfrdwy Station
7822 Foxcoyte Manor at Carrog Taffy preparing to tow our boat One horse power on the Llangollen Canal
7822 Foxcoyte Manor at Carrog Taffy preparing to tow our boat One horse power on the Llangollen Canal
WAVERLEY AND LLANGOLLEN
My latest wanderings have included a sea trip on the Waverley up the Lancashire Coast. I am sure most of my readers will know the Waverly and how she was sold to the Paddle Steamer Preservation Society for £1 by owners Caledonian Steam Packet Co. She is now the only sea-going passenger paddle steamer in the world. This year is the 70th anniversary of her launch by A&J Inglis on the Clyde for London and North Eastern Railway (whose colours she wears). Her main sailings are on the Clyde but each year she visits various areas of the country delighting crowds wherever she goes.
The Llangollen Railway was part of the Ruabon to Barmouth Line and opened to Corwen in 1865 (having reached the eastern edge of Llangollan 3 years earlier. Exactly 100 years later the Beeching cuts closed the line. Llangollen Station was reopened in 1975 but with only 60 foot of track. Work proceeded gradually and by 1990, Carrog had been reached, It was 2014 before the line reached Corwen and, as the old station site was in industrial use, a temporary station has been built at Corwen east. It is hoped to extend the railway back in to the town in the not too distant future.
7822 Foxcote Manor is a Manor Class locomotive which was built at Swindon in 1950. It was rescued from Barry in 1974 and has just had a major overhaul. The Horse Drawn Boat trips on the end of the Llangollen Canal (built about 1808 by Telford as a water feeder from the Horseshoe Falls) is a very pleasant and relaxing way to spend 45 minutes. I am not certain if it is IA but it is certainly good fun!
FROM THE TREASURER Bargain of the year!
or a bargain price you can attend a series of talks throughout the winter, a near monthly newsletter, an annual weekend away and summer field trips (costs extra!) - and all about your favourite subject - industrial history. Subscriptions for the 2016/17 season will be due as we start our new year in September. These will remain unchanged at £10 for full time students, £16 for single membership and £22 for a family. If you would like to receive your copy of the bulletin by post there is an additional charge of £2 to help cover the costs. Address at the top, cheques payable to MIHS please, Graham Gladden, 104 Frankby Road, West Kirby CH48 9UX
or a bargain price you can attend a series of talks throughout the winter, a near monthly newsletter, an annual weekend away and summer field trips (costs extra!) - and all about your favourite subject - industrial history. Subscriptions for the 2016/17 season will be due as we start our new year in September. These will remain unchanged at £10 for full time students, £16 for single membership and £22 for a family. If you would like to receive your copy of the bulletin by post there is an additional charge of £2 to help cover the costs. Address at the top, cheques payable to MIHS please, Graham Gladden, 104 Frankby Road, West Kirby CH48 9UX
Old photo of Ditherington main Mill Dyehouse, Cross Mill Upper Floor Maltings
Supporting Columns Ground Hall Beams at top of Cross MIll Cross Mill and main tower with crown
Apprentice House Longdon on Tern Aqueduct Longdon on Tern Aqueducti
Smithy - now Visitor Centre Group at Ditherington Mill London on Tern - Metal Trough
Wappenshall Transshipment Warehouse First floor Storage area Barge unloading dock lower floor
Group on skew bridge Wappenshall Telford Warehouse Crane at Telford Warehouse
Supporting Columns Ground Hall Beams at top of Cross MIll Cross Mill and main tower with crown
Apprentice House Longdon on Tern Aqueduct Longdon on Tern Aqueducti
Smithy - now Visitor Centre Group at Ditherington Mill London on Tern - Metal Trough
Wappenshall Transshipment Warehouse First floor Storage area Barge unloading dock lower floor
Group on skew bridge Wappenshall Telford Warehouse Crane at Telford Warehouse
On Saturday 16th July a group of 14 MIHS members had a very good day out in Shropshire arranged courtesy of John Ryan and, of course, Malcolm Verity. We had a minibus which met most of the party at Hamilton Square and Malcolm and Charley Verity at Ellesmere Port. We had a good run down to Shrewsbury and our first stop was Ditherington Flax Mill where we were greeted with a cuppa and a video before looking round the Visitor Centre (in the old Smithy) and embarking on a comprehensive tour of the site. The mill was the first of its kind when built in 1796 to the design of Charles Bage and with money from Thomas and Benjamin Benyon and the machines and expertise of John Marshall. It was made entirely of brick and iron and its iron frame was the precursor to modern skyscrapers. When flax milling finished the mill reopened in 1897 as William Jones Maltsters and continued as such until 1987. In 2005 the derelict site was purchased by English Heritage who are working with the friends of Flaxmill Maltings (who showed us round) and Shropshire Council to restore the site. We had lunch at a nearby pub (The Dolphin) before moving to Longdon on Tern to see Telford's cast iron viaduct. This was built in 1797 to replace a stone one washed away in 1795. It is said to be the model for Pontcysyllte. Although the canal was closed in 1944 the viaduct remains in a field and accessible and is grade one listed. Our final visited was to the Shrewsbury and Newport Canal Trust at Wappenshall. The Shrewsbury Canal was originally a stand alone one but in 1835 it was joined to the Shropshire Union by a branch from Norbury Junction which joined at Wappenshall. In 2009 the trust gained ownership of the warehouses there and we saw the two structures and were able to go in both. The trans shipment warehouse is the last in the country still in water. We had a cuppa and a talk before another excellent tour which included a skew bridge. The trust have a lot of work to do but are very enthusiastic and progress is being made. We wish both groups the best of luck. From here we had a very good run through to Wirral where the tour ended.
MONMOUTHSHIRE AND BRECON CANAL
Dragonfly leaving Brynich Aqueduct Entering the lock at Brynich Toll House or Stewards House for racecourse
The Brecknock and Abergaveny Canal, engineered by Thomas Dadford, reached Brecon in 1800 but did not reach its promised junction with the Monmouthshire Canal until 1812 (thanks to a loan from Thomas Crawshay). Despite today's rural idylll it was built for coal and iron and had many tramroads connecting to it and the usual limekilns and interchange wharfs. Control passed to the GWR in 1880 and within 30 years there was little commercial traffic. It was formally closed in 1962 but within 8 years the Brecon section was being reopened and today you can cruise along the whole Brecon section. I went on Dragonfly Cruises which does a 2.5 hour cruise through Brynich Lock to Brynich Aqueduct where you can stretch your legs and look at the works and scenery.
RHEILFFORDD LLYN TEGID
Diana at Bala terminus (Bala Lake Halt) Holy War in shed at Llanuwchllyn Interior of Llanuwchllyn signal box
The Bala Lake Railway is a two foot gauge railway built on the trackbed of the Bala and Dolgelly (sic) Railway of 1868. It was taken over by the GWR and formed part of the Ruabon to Barmouth route. It was closed in January 1965 but Rheilffordd Llyn Tegid was registered in 1972. The first company to be registered in Welsh. It follows the old line from Llanuwchllyn to Bala Lake Halt running alongside Llyn Tegid with stunning views over the lake and Arenig Mountains. I rode behind Diana which was built in 1917 by Kerr Stuart for the Kerry Tramroad. She was sold to Oakley then Pen yr Orsedd Quarries but laid up with boiler problems in 1950. She did not run again for over 60 years and this was one of her first outings. Holy War was built by Hunslet in 1902 and worked at Dinor wic until 1967 when she was the last steam engine in a British slate quarry, In 1979 she moved to Llanuwchllyn and has been a regular ever since.
FINCH FOUNDRY STICKLEPATH
General view of forge including trip hammer Shears Forge and Anvil
Wheel gearing inside forge Overshot wheel Carpenter's shop
Wheel gearing inside forge Overshot wheel Carpenter's shop
There have been mills on the site for over 500 ranging from fulling mill through woollen mill to grist mill. The Finch family took over the mill (closed) in 1814 and gained a reputation for high quality edge tools. Although most family and village forges had closed before WWII but Ralph Finch kept the business going until 1960. It is said that about this time the rear wall of the forge collapsed - fortunately whilst the workforce was in the pub! They inspected the damage then finished their pints. The forge was restored to working order by North Dartmoor Museums Association and in 1994 was given to the National Trust - the present owners. It is open daily April to October
DARTMOOR RAILWAY OKEHAMPTON
kehampton Down Platform 37838 with Meldon Viaduct Shuttle Meldon Viaduct
BRYNTAIL LEAD AND BARYTES MINE
General view of Bryntail Lead Mine Barytes preparation plant Settling Tank
The buildings at Bryntail are 19c and associated iwth the extraction of Lead and Barytes. The amounts winnable were never large and, despite being taken over in 1869 by the Van Consols Group the site closed in 1884. The site, situated in the shadow of the Clywedog Dam, is cared for by CADW and is open daily 1000-1600.
Dalegarth Station Rebuilt 2007 Yes it is an upturned boat (the third on site) View from Dalegarth Station
River Irt 1894 - rebuilt 1917 Northern Rock Built Ravenglass 1976 Lady Wakefield Built Ravenglass 1980
Ravenglass and Eskdale Railway
The original railway was of 3ft gauge and opened in 1875 to serve haematite mines near Boot. It carried passengers from 1876-1908 and finally closed in 1813 (having been declared bankrupt 15 years earlier.) In 1915 it was rebuilt to 15inch guage by Basset-Lowke and Proctor-Mitchell and by 1917 the whole line was regauged although in some sections there was mixed gauge. The present terminus at Dalegarth was reached in the 1920s. The line was owned by the Keswick Granite Company after WWII but was sold to a preservation company in 1960. It remains a very popular Lake District attraction.
The original railway was of 3ft gauge and opened in 1875 to serve haematite mines near Boot. It carried passengers from 1876-1908 and finally closed in 1813 (having been declared bankrupt 15 years earlier.) In 1915 it was rebuilt to 15inch guage by Basset-Lowke and Proctor-Mitchell and by 1917 the whole line was regauged although in some sections there was mixed gauge. The present terminus at Dalegarth was reached in the 1920s. The line was owned by the Keswick Granite Company after WWII but was sold to a preservation company in 1960. It remains a very popular Lake District attraction.
The Standedge Experience
The Standedge Tunnel is the Highest, Deepest and Longest canal tunnel in England.. It was opened in 1811 (Telford overseeing the later phases) and is 3.25 miles long without a tow path. It was closed in 1943 but reopened in 2001. There is an exhibition in the restored warehouse (above left) and there are hourly boat trips taking you about 500 yards inside the tunnel. Every couple of weeks there are trips right through the tunnel. The other two views show the tunnel portal and a view inside the tunnel.
The Standedge Tunnel is the Highest, Deepest and Longest canal tunnel in England.. It was opened in 1811 (Telford overseeing the later phases) and is 3.25 miles long without a tow path. It was closed in 1943 but reopened in 2001. There is an exhibition in the restored warehouse (above left) and there are hourly boat trips taking you about 500 yards inside the tunnel. Every couple of weeks there are trips right through the tunnel. The other two views show the tunnel portal and a view inside the tunnel.
Bold Bridge, Nr Bold Bridge Cottages, Bold, St Helens / Halton - Awarded Listed Building Status Grade II
Thanks to Maurice Handley for his efforts to achieve this
Thanks to Maurice Handley for his efforts to achieve this
Stone Sleeper Court Hey Stone Sleeper Sankey Canal Conjectural illustration of Bourne's Tunnel,
Rainhill beneath L & M R c1830
Rainhill beneath L & M R c1830
Stone Sleepers
Stone sleeper blocks were commonly used on horse tramways in the 18th century, for example on Benjamin Outram's Peak Forest tramway at Bugsworth. Typically the blocks were between 18 in and 2 ft square and about 12 in deep. The top surface had two holes into which a wooden plug was inserted so that a metal spike could be driven to fix the chair or pedestal supporting the rail.
Local sandstone sleeper blocks were used on the Liverpool and Manchester Railway (L & M R) except where the line was subject to settlement when wooden sleepers were preferred (e.g. across Chat Moss or on embankments). However the higher speeds and greater loads on the railway meant that the stone blocks tended to break or sink into the ballast. Also they were labour intensive to quarry, dress, transport and lay. Within ten years of the opening of the L & M R, the stone sleepers were replaced by wooden sleepers.
Perhaps they used stone blocks because the original plan was for the L & M R to be horse drawn and they needed to leave a space for the horse to run between the rails. Before the invention of a preservative for the wooden sleepers, oak would have been in demand for shipbuilding and may have been more costly than stone. Suitable sandstone is abundant in the Merseyside area.
Bertram Baxter in his book Stone Blocks and Iron Rails (Tramways) estimates that 4000 stone sleepers were needed for one mile of single railway line, so its not surprising that many of the redundant blocks were reused in a variety of locations. Some may have been recycled in tramways such as at Hilbre Island and others were perhaps reused more than once in walls and buildings. Original L & M R rails are thought to have been reused at Storeton Quarry but the quarry probably supplied its own sleeper blocks.
A novel use of the blocks can be seen on the entrance drive to the Wildflower Centre at Court Hey in Huyton, where they have been stood on end to form a kerb. Robertson Gladstone, (the elder brother of the prime minister W. E Gladstone) was a director of the L & M R and he arranged for the blocks to be sold to his mansion at Court Hey. Some of the blocks have the plug holes arranged diagonally indicating that the blocks were set in a diamond pattern under the rails, presumably in an attempt to stabilise the blocks.
Stone sleeper blocks can also be found built into the wall on the south side of Huyton Station. Nearby, alongside Hale Bank Road, broken sleeper blocks are incorporated in a stone wall on the site of the Willis Branch Line which opened in the mid 1830's. The branch linked the L & M R with collieries in Whiston and was probably constructed using stone sleepers and iron rails discarded from the main line.
A good place to see these recognisable blocks is on the tow path of the Sankey Canal near the new bridge leading from the World of Glass Museum to the rugby ground in St Helens (also nearby are the remains of the Cannington Shaw Bottle Works). Perhaps this collection of straight and diagonal sleeper blocks came from the nearby St Helens and Runcorn Gap railway which opened shortly after the L & M R; or were they reused on one of the many colliery tramways in the area before being used to repair the towpath edge?
One of the more unusual uses can be found in Preston, where limestone sleeper blocks from the Preston and Longridge Railway were used to build the steeple of St Walburge's Church. However there are few sites where blocks remain in their original location and if you know of any near Merseyside let me know.
Maurice Handley
Sources:
The Liverpool and Manchester Railway by R. H. G. Thomas
Stone Blocks and Iron Rails (Tramways) by B. Baxter
Liverpool & Manchester Railway Operations by T. J. Donaghy
A History of Court Hey Park by G. Peet
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church_of_St._Walburge,_Preston
Stone sleeper blocks were commonly used on horse tramways in the 18th century, for example on Benjamin Outram's Peak Forest tramway at Bugsworth. Typically the blocks were between 18 in and 2 ft square and about 12 in deep. The top surface had two holes into which a wooden plug was inserted so that a metal spike could be driven to fix the chair or pedestal supporting the rail.
Local sandstone sleeper blocks were used on the Liverpool and Manchester Railway (L & M R) except where the line was subject to settlement when wooden sleepers were preferred (e.g. across Chat Moss or on embankments). However the higher speeds and greater loads on the railway meant that the stone blocks tended to break or sink into the ballast. Also they were labour intensive to quarry, dress, transport and lay. Within ten years of the opening of the L & M R, the stone sleepers were replaced by wooden sleepers.
Perhaps they used stone blocks because the original plan was for the L & M R to be horse drawn and they needed to leave a space for the horse to run between the rails. Before the invention of a preservative for the wooden sleepers, oak would have been in demand for shipbuilding and may have been more costly than stone. Suitable sandstone is abundant in the Merseyside area.
Bertram Baxter in his book Stone Blocks and Iron Rails (Tramways) estimates that 4000 stone sleepers were needed for one mile of single railway line, so its not surprising that many of the redundant blocks were reused in a variety of locations. Some may have been recycled in tramways such as at Hilbre Island and others were perhaps reused more than once in walls and buildings. Original L & M R rails are thought to have been reused at Storeton Quarry but the quarry probably supplied its own sleeper blocks.
A novel use of the blocks can be seen on the entrance drive to the Wildflower Centre at Court Hey in Huyton, where they have been stood on end to form a kerb. Robertson Gladstone, (the elder brother of the prime minister W. E Gladstone) was a director of the L & M R and he arranged for the blocks to be sold to his mansion at Court Hey. Some of the blocks have the plug holes arranged diagonally indicating that the blocks were set in a diamond pattern under the rails, presumably in an attempt to stabilise the blocks.
Stone sleeper blocks can also be found built into the wall on the south side of Huyton Station. Nearby, alongside Hale Bank Road, broken sleeper blocks are incorporated in a stone wall on the site of the Willis Branch Line which opened in the mid 1830's. The branch linked the L & M R with collieries in Whiston and was probably constructed using stone sleepers and iron rails discarded from the main line.
A good place to see these recognisable blocks is on the tow path of the Sankey Canal near the new bridge leading from the World of Glass Museum to the rugby ground in St Helens (also nearby are the remains of the Cannington Shaw Bottle Works). Perhaps this collection of straight and diagonal sleeper blocks came from the nearby St Helens and Runcorn Gap railway which opened shortly after the L & M R; or were they reused on one of the many colliery tramways in the area before being used to repair the towpath edge?
One of the more unusual uses can be found in Preston, where limestone sleeper blocks from the Preston and Longridge Railway were used to build the steeple of St Walburge's Church. However there are few sites where blocks remain in their original location and if you know of any near Merseyside let me know.
Maurice Handley
Sources:
The Liverpool and Manchester Railway by R. H. G. Thomas
Stone Blocks and Iron Rails (Tramways) by B. Baxter
Liverpool & Manchester Railway Operations by T. J. Donaghy
A History of Court Hey Park by G. Peet
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church_of_St._Walburge,_Preston
TOP TEN INDUSTRIAL HERITAGE SITES AT RISK IN ENGLAND
ELSECAR ENGINE, SOUTH YORKSHIRE This is the only Newcomen engine to survive in the World in its original location.
SHREWSBURY FLAXMILL MALTINGS Built 1797 and the first building in the World to have a fireproof internal iron frame.
BACKBARROW IRONWORKS - CUMBRIA Many of the surviving features of this Ironworks cannot be found anywhere else in England.
SOHO FOUNDRY - WEST MIDLANDS The World's first integrated steam engine factory, capable of supplying complete engines.
BOWES RAILWAY - TYNE AND WEAR One of the earliest and best preserved rope hauled railways in England.
STANLEY MILL - GLOUCESTERSHIRE Has the finest cast iron framing in the Country.
BATTERSEA POWER STATION - LONDON The iconic landmark.
SLEAFORD BASS MALTINGS - LINCOLNSHIRE
STANLEY DOCK WAREHOUSES - LIVERPOOL, believed to be the biggest brick building in the World (about 27 million bricks).
CHATTERLEY WHITFIELD COLLIERY - STOKE ON TRENT The first “one million ton” coal mine in 1937.
ELSECAR ENGINE, SOUTH YORKSHIRE This is the only Newcomen engine to survive in the World in its original location.
SHREWSBURY FLAXMILL MALTINGS Built 1797 and the first building in the World to have a fireproof internal iron frame.
BACKBARROW IRONWORKS - CUMBRIA Many of the surviving features of this Ironworks cannot be found anywhere else in England.
SOHO FOUNDRY - WEST MIDLANDS The World's first integrated steam engine factory, capable of supplying complete engines.
BOWES RAILWAY - TYNE AND WEAR One of the earliest and best preserved rope hauled railways in England.
STANLEY MILL - GLOUCESTERSHIRE Has the finest cast iron framing in the Country.
BATTERSEA POWER STATION - LONDON The iconic landmark.
SLEAFORD BASS MALTINGS - LINCOLNSHIRE
STANLEY DOCK WAREHOUSES - LIVERPOOL, believed to be the biggest brick building in the World (about 27 million bricks).
CHATTERLEY WHITFIELD COLLIERY - STOKE ON TRENT The first “one million ton” coal mine in 1937.
LONG WEEKEND 2016
This will take place from 29th April to 2nd May and will be to Carlisle. It promises to be yet another excellent weekend so if you want to join in please contact Malcolm Verity (see contacts) as soon as possible.
This will take place from 29th April to 2nd May and will be to Carlisle. It promises to be yet another excellent weekend so if you want to join in please contact Malcolm Verity (see contacts) as soon as possible.
Crumlin Road Jail entrance Prisoners' reception area D Block (supergrass unit on bottom floor
Typical cell of 1970's and 80's Hangmans Cell Central area of jail
Typical cell of 1970's and 80's Hangmans Cell Central area of jail
Crumlin Road Jail
I am not sure if a jail is industrial archaeology but the tour of the former jail is certainly another excellent way to spend two or three hours. Most of us have heard of the jail but now you can visit it (and even have ghost tours or music concerts there.) It has been closed for about 20 years but still retains its atmosphere.
I am not sure if a jail is industrial archaeology but the tour of the former jail is certainly another excellent way to spend two or three hours. Most of us have heard of the jail but now you can visit it (and even have ghost tours or music concerts there.) It has been closed for about 20 years but still retains its atmosphere.
A trio of County Donegal "locos" No 2 Blanche of 1912, Railcar No 1 of 1920, No 12 Phoenix of 1924 built as a steamer for Clogher Valley Railway
Track inspection bicycle BNCR 1902 Express loco Maeve 1936 Great Southern Rly Hill of Howth Tram no 4 1901
Fintona Horse Tram no 4 1883 Giants Causeway trams 2 + 5 1883 Booking office for trams and trains Portrush
Belfast Corporation Trolley bus 112 of1948 The infamous De Lorean of 1981 a Belsize of 1911
Track inspection bicycle BNCR 1902 Express loco Maeve 1936 Great Southern Rly Hill of Howth Tram no 4 1901
Fintona Horse Tram no 4 1883 Giants Causeway trams 2 + 5 1883 Booking office for trams and trains Portrush
Belfast Corporation Trolley bus 112 of1948 The infamous De Lorean of 1981 a Belsize of 1911
Ulster Transport Museum
This is actually across the road from the folk museum and consists of 6 galleries of which I managed three and was there nearly 5 hours (although I do confess to spending 20 minutes eating). The railway gallery is very interesting and I spent a long time there including a guided tour. I then moved on to the Road vehicle section (buses trams vans etc) and ended up in the car gallery. The signage was very good and all the exhibits were in excellent condition. I did not go in the special exhibition area (Titanic) nor get to the land, sea and air galleries which were 10 minutes walk away. All three museums are well worth a visit and, coupled with non IA related things I did it was a very full visit and, being the first week in January I was not fighting crowds all the time.
This is actually across the road from the folk museum and consists of 6 galleries of which I managed three and was there nearly 5 hours (although I do confess to spending 20 minutes eating). The railway gallery is very interesting and I spent a long time there including a guided tour. I then moved on to the Road vehicle section (buses trams vans etc) and ended up in the car gallery. The signage was very good and all the exhibits were in excellent condition. I did not go in the special exhibition area (Titanic) nor get to the land, sea and air galleries which were 10 minutes walk away. All three museums are well worth a visit and, coupled with non IA related things I did it was a very full visit and, being the first week in January I was not fighting crowds all the time.
Mill Lane Labourers Cottage Dressmakers' Cottage
Cushendall Courthouse Pound Forge National School Ballyverdagh
Cushendall Courthouse Pound Forge National School Ballyverdagh
Ulster Folk Museum
I visited this on a fairly rainy day and we only managed the "town". Again, it is not cheap but you could easily spent a whole day here. It is the usual format of buildings either transported to the site or built on site and the contents of the original building place in their new home. It seems to be predominantly shops, agriculture, and town buildings although I did not go to the furthest reaches. I always have liked this style of museum and found this particular one very good.
I visited this on a fairly rainy day and we only managed the "town". Again, it is not cheap but you could easily spent a whole day here. It is the usual format of buildings either transported to the site or built on site and the contents of the original building place in their new home. It seems to be predominantly shops, agriculture, and town buildings although I did not go to the furthest reaches. I always have liked this style of museum and found this particular one very good.
Nomadic in Hamilton Dry Dock Caisson for Hamilton Dry Dock (preserved) Crews quarters on Nomadic
The new Titanic Museum The forge in the recreated shipyard Launch of the Titanic
The new Titanic Museum The forge in the recreated shipyard Launch of the Titanic
Titanic Museum and Nomadic
Since our visit in 2008 a lot has been done to the area. The drawing office has plans but is still virtually empty, the slipway area has been beautified, the Nomadic has been restored to a high standard and there is a brand new Titanic Museum. As with all modern architecture you can love or hate it but for unimaginative people it is 4 Titanic bows radiating from a central core and, from above, it looks like a White Star! It is not cheap to get in (£12.50 for an OAP) but you can happily spent all day there and it has a good souvenir shop and cafe. The first section tells the story of Belfast industry and then moves on to Harland and Wolff, the building and fitting out of Titanic (including a ride round the "shipyard"), the voyage, the sinking and finally the rediscovery. There are lots of information boards and pictures including some very good photographs taken on board between Southampton and Queenstown plus a good selection of internal shots (some being Olympic of course) and the only criticism I would have is a lack of artifacts. Even if one could argue that there are not many left of Titanic there could have been more from the industries and also what happened to the industries. Nomadic is very well done and, in both areas, the staff were friendly and helpful.
Since our visit in 2008 a lot has been done to the area. The drawing office has plans but is still virtually empty, the slipway area has been beautified, the Nomadic has been restored to a high standard and there is a brand new Titanic Museum. As with all modern architecture you can love or hate it but for unimaginative people it is 4 Titanic bows radiating from a central core and, from above, it looks like a White Star! It is not cheap to get in (£12.50 for an OAP) but you can happily spent all day there and it has a good souvenir shop and cafe. The first section tells the story of Belfast industry and then moves on to Harland and Wolff, the building and fitting out of Titanic (including a ride round the "shipyard"), the voyage, the sinking and finally the rediscovery. There are lots of information boards and pictures including some very good photographs taken on board between Southampton and Queenstown plus a good selection of internal shots (some being Olympic of course) and the only criticism I would have is a lack of artifacts. Even if one could argue that there are not many left of Titanic there could have been more from the industries and also what happened to the industries. Nomadic is very well done and, in both areas, the staff were friendly and helpful.
Museum building, formerly the cotton store Non-dead-centre engine 1893 Uniflow engine 1926
Tandem compound engine 1902 (side view!!) Fire Pump 1890 Horizontal cross compound Engine 1935
"McNaughted" beam engine 1904 Twin beam engine 1840 oldest in museum Diamond Ropeworks engine 1914
BOLTON STEAM MUSEUM OPEN DAY DECEMBER 29TH 2015
I visited the museum during its Christmas/New Year Steaming Day and had an enjoyable couple of hours there. It seems a very well run museum and the exhibits are in running order with a fair number in steam at different times. A list of Steaming Days can be found on their web site www.nmes.org (it is also a good web site). There is free parking and also free admission although donations are welcome and they also provide a shop and light refreshments. They can be found in the Morrison's complex just by the petrol station. I have, below, put additional details of the photos shown above starting top left.
The society was founded in 1966 and thanks to the generosity of the Mason family was able to use number 3 mill engine room at the Atlas Mill. 15 years of hard work saw the museum open to the public in 1983. However in 1990 disaster appeared to strike when the site was sold for retail development and the museum building would have to be demolished. Fortunately William Morrison Supermarkets were sympathetic and gave the society the former cotton store on the far side of the site. This is where the engines have been moved to and is shown in picture one.Picture two shows one of John Musgrave's engines built at Bolton for A & J Hoyle's Park Street Mill in Radcliffe. It was the first engine purchased by the society in 1966. Picture three is an engine of the type originally developed by Professor Stumpf in Berlin in the 1900s and build for the Baltic Sawmills in Ammanford. It was later used at the Manchester College of Technology (1938 -47) and then was bought by Thomas Mitchell of Bolton before being purchased by the society. Photo four (sorry about the side view) is "Elsie" built in Rochdale by J&W McNaught for Barchant Spinning Company where it served for 15 years before moving to the Wasp Mill at Wardle near Rochdale. Here it served for 50 years before purchase by the society in 1967. It has run on both museum sites. The Fire Pump (5) was built by Walker's of Radcliffe for Fern Mill in Shaw and used to pump water to feed the sprinkler system. Photo 6 shows an engine built by Robery of Lincoln as a teaching engine for Manchester College of Technology and in 1947 it went to Thomas Mitchell of Bolton and was kept in store before purchase by a society member in 1987 and loaned for display. The engine in photo 7 was from an unknown builder but was rebuilt in 1908 by Woodhouse and Mitchell and used in the Cellarsclough Mill of Fisher Firth. It is the largest exhibit. Number 8 was rebuilt in 1893 and worked for a further 60 years at Crosfields Mill in Wardle. It lay derelict for 14 years before being purchased in 1967 by the society. The final photo shows "Lily" an inverted vertical compound engine built by Scott and Hodgson of Guide Bridge for Hardman and Ingham's Diamond Rope Works at Royton near Oldham. The mill was badly damaged by fire in 1973 and the engine never ran again. It was rescued from a scrap yard by the society in 1995.
More detailed accounts of the technical side can be found on the website.
The award winning Ballure Viaduct MER Lady Isabella from Snaefell Railway SMR number 5 at the summit
Remains of Snaefell lead mine Kissack No 13 at Douglas Kissack no 13 at Port Erin
It is interesting that when we went over for the long weekend in 2014 (qv) I have a photo of Kissack's boiler under repair in the loco works
Remains of Snaefell lead mine Kissack No 13 at Douglas Kissack no 13 at Port Erin
It is interesting that when we went over for the long weekend in 2014 (qv) I have a photo of Kissack's boiler under repair in the loco works
REQUEST FOR HELP: MEDIEVAL TIDE MILLS
Formby historian, Reg Yorke, believes there was a medieval tide mill at the mouth of the River Alt and he needs some technical advice. If anyone is an expert on tide mills, or knows someone who is, could they contact Reg via Maurice Handley, (mahandley@tesco.net
Formby historian, Reg Yorke, believes there was a medieval tide mill at the mouth of the River Alt and he needs some technical advice. If anyone is an expert on tide mills, or knows someone who is, could they contact Reg via Maurice Handley, (mahandley@tesco.net
On The Waterfront
A new exhibition at Merseyside Maritime Museum explores the rich history of the Albert Dock, the city and port of Liverpool. Through photographs, paintings, film and audio, you’ll discover the commercial, industrial and architectural development of the area from the 18th century up to the present day. Marking the 300 year anniversary of the city’s Old Dock, personal stories show how the area was shaped and the impact it has had on the lives of local people. Learn more about On The Waterfronton our websit
A new exhibition at Merseyside Maritime Museum explores the rich history of the Albert Dock, the city and port of Liverpool. Through photographs, paintings, film and audio, you’ll discover the commercial, industrial and architectural development of the area from the 18th century up to the present day. Marking the 300 year anniversary of the city’s Old Dock, personal stories show how the area was shaped and the impact it has had on the lives of local people. Learn more about On The Waterfronton our websit
Cannington Shaw no. 7 Bottle Making Shop, St Helens
The uncertain future of the Cannington Shaw Bottle Shop glass works in St Helens is causing concern and has been highlighted on regional TV and in the local press. The building has been described as of 'outstanding significance' by Oxford Archaeology North and is recognised by Historic England as a 'Building at Risk'. It is an internationally important part of St Helens' industrial heritage and is a Grade II listed building and a Scheduled Ancient Monument.
The Bottle Shop is the only remains of what was claimed to be the largest bottle making factory in the country. It was built in 1866 and was in operation until mechanisation of bottle making led to its closure in 1918. It was then used as a store and as an air raid shelter during World War II.
The Bottle Shop originally contained a Siemens Tank Furnace beneath a 'cone' shaped structure which served to ventilate the working area around the tank. Gas and air were fed into the furnace from one side to the other and the hot exhaust gases then passed through a 'regenerator' beneath the furnace before escaping via a tall chimney. The regenerator was heated by the hot gases and after half an hour flow was reversed so the incoming gas and air were heated in the regenerator. Although the tank has been removed, the system of ducts used to heat the gases is still in situ.
The furnace tank was rectangular in plan with a curved end which had a series of access holes where the glass blower could collect molten glass. The bottle would be formed using a mould and manually finished before annealing. Four teams of five men worked in the Bottle Shop at each shift; each team producing three bottles per minute. Additional workers fed the raw materials into the furnace and operated the annealing process. The structure surrounding the working area also had a curved end with ventialtion openings (now bricked up). For more information on the building and its history there is an article in the Society's Journal no. 4, 2014.
The building is in a ruinous and deteriorating condition and lies within a new development site incorporating the St Helens rugby league ground and a Tesco supermarket. The company which owns the site has a duty of care and says it has a management plan to prevent further decay. The Friends of Cannington Shaw have been formed to secure the preservation, conservation and protection of the building, to promote public interest in the site and to create a sustainable future for this important cultural and heritage asset. www.facebook.com/CanningtonShaw
Please see events for a report and pictures of our field trip to Darkest Cheshire
A post on July 14th (Black Country Day) covers visits to the Anderton Boat Lift and Dean Forest Heritage Museum
Latest post (30\5) on the events page is a visit to the Gwili Railway
I have put an article on Hooton Park's Bus Running Day and also a Devon Snippets article on the events page
I have put an article on Cenarth Mill and the National Coracle Centre on the events page.
I have put an article on Formby Oil Wells and some photos of Bank Quay Transporter Bridge on the events page.
The two summer field trips can be found on the diary page.
A post on July 14th (Black Country Day) covers visits to the Anderton Boat Lift and Dean Forest Heritage Museum
Latest post (30\5) on the events page is a visit to the Gwili Railway
I have put an article on Hooton Park's Bus Running Day and also a Devon Snippets article on the events page
I have put an article on Cenarth Mill and the National Coracle Centre on the events page.
I have put an article on Formby Oil Wells and some photos of Bank Quay Transporter Bridge on the events page.
The two summer field trips can be found on the diary page.
At our AGM on 8th December Anna Alexander was elected our new Chairwoman. All of the committee and membership would like to thank Roy Forshaw for his 10 years of inspired leadership and unstinting work at the helm of the Society. It was also confirmed that our Long Weekend 1st-4th May will be to Essex and will be based in Chelmsford. For application form please contact Malcolm Verity (see contacts).
MERSEYSIDE'S INDUSTRIAL HERITAGE IN ONE BOOK
“MERSEYSIDE’S INDUSTRIAL PAST”
PUBLISHED BY MIHS and CONTINUALLY UPDATED
Gazetteer of the Industrial Heritage of Merseyside
o Edited by Paul Rees and Roy Forshaw
o covers all known sites in Merseyside
o full addresses and map references
o potted histories by subject experts
o more than 100 photos
o third edition since 1974, totally updated
For more details or to obtain your copy contact Malcolm Verity malcolm.verity1@btinternet.com
Some photos I got of a brickworks in the Mekong Delta. The one bottom right was taken by Maurice Handley during a visit to the north of Vietnam
Brick making machine Bricks drying in the hot sun Looking inside a full kiln
Looking up a bottle kiln Exterior of bottle kiln The brickworks in the north of Vietnam
Brick making machine Bricks drying in the hot sun Looking inside a full kiln
Looking up a bottle kiln Exterior of bottle kiln The brickworks in the north of Vietnam
PROGRAMME FOR 2014-15 NOW ON DIARY PAGE
JOIN THE MIHS
What ever your interests are in industrial archaeology the MIHS is the society for you. Below are six varied photos taken by your webmaster and showing the variety of things we visit, They are (starting top left) A WWII Fairmile launch now working out of Torquay; A preserved Royal Blue Coach; Spalding Maltings; The workings of a corn mill; Croyland Bridge; A Lancaster Bomber.
Please see our events page for more photos. Diary page for application or renewal form (the same!)
What ever your interests are in industrial archaeology the MIHS is the society for you. Below are six varied photos taken by your webmaster and showing the variety of things we visit, They are (starting top left) A WWII Fairmile launch now working out of Torquay; A preserved Royal Blue Coach; Spalding Maltings; The workings of a corn mill; Croyland Bridge; A Lancaster Bomber.
Please see our events page for more photos. Diary page for application or renewal form (the same!)
If anyone can help with the request below please contact me. petepurland@btopenworld.com
I am researching ships built by some early Liverpool iron ship builders, in particular Thomas Vernon, active 1833-1867. I have been trying in vain to find a building list for this yard.
I have made a visit to the library and archives of the Merseyside Maritime Museum, but they had nothing. From Lloyds Register and other sources, I have created a list of 72 ships, but they built many more, probably at least 300.
Do you or someone else in MIHS have any information about this yard? ANY leads or pieces of info would be greatly appreciated.
I am also interested in finding out more about the yards of Thomas Wilson (1830:s), James Hodgson (1840:s) Rennie, Johnson & Rankin
(1850:s) and Hart & Sinnot (1860:s)
Best regards
Bjorn Laquist,
Stockholm, Sweden
Please see Long Weekend Page for details of May 2014 visit to Isle of Man.
I am researching ships built by some early Liverpool iron ship builders, in particular Thomas Vernon, active 1833-1867. I have been trying in vain to find a building list for this yard.
I have made a visit to the library and archives of the Merseyside Maritime Museum, but they had nothing. From Lloyds Register and other sources, I have created a list of 72 ships, but they built many more, probably at least 300.
Do you or someone else in MIHS have any information about this yard? ANY leads or pieces of info would be greatly appreciated.
I am also interested in finding out more about the yards of Thomas Wilson (1830:s), James Hodgson (1840:s) Rennie, Johnson & Rankin
(1850:s) and Hart & Sinnot (1860:s)
Best regards
Bjorn Laquist,
Stockholm, Sweden
Please see Long Weekend Page for details of May 2014 visit to Isle of Man.
